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| founded = Lancaster, Pennsylvania, United States ()〔(About.com ). Retrieved June 30, 2006.〕 | founder = Milton S. Hershey | hq_location_city = Hershey, Pennsylvania | hq_location_country = United States | area_served = Worldwide | key_people = John Bilbrey (President and CEO) | industry = Food | products = List of products manufactured by The Hershey Company | revenue = US$7.421 billion〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=2014 Form 10-K, The Hershey Company )〕 | revenue_year = 2014 | operating_income = US$1.389 billion〔 | income_year = 2014 | net_income = US$846 million〔 | net_income_year = 2014 | assets = US$5.629 billion〔 (2014) | equity = US$1.519 billion〔 | equity_year = 2014 | owner = Hershey Trust Company | num_employees = 14,800〔 | num_employees_year = 2014 | homepage = }} The Hershey Company, known until April 2005 as the Hershey Foods Corporation〔(Preparedfoods.com ). Retrieved June 30, 2006.〕 and commonly called Hershey's, is the largest chocolate manufacturer in North America and increasingly elsewhere throughout the world.〔(Booksense.com ). Retrieved June 30, 2006.〕 Its headquarters are in Hershey, Pennsylvania, which is also home to Hershey's Chocolate World. It was founded by Milton S. Hershey in 1894 as the Hershey Chocolate Company, a subsidiary of his Lancaster Caramel Company. Hershey's products are sold in over sixty countries worldwide.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The Hershey Company: NYSE:HSY quotes & news - Google Finance )〕 In addition, Hershey is a member of the World Cocoa Foundation. Hershey is one of the oldest chocolate companies in the United States, and an American icon for its chocolate bar. It is one of a group of companies established by Milton Hershey. Other companies include Hershey Trust Company, and Hershey Entertainment and Resorts Company, which runs Hersheypark, an amusement park, the Hershey Bears minor professional hockey team, Hersheypark Stadium and the Giant Center. ==History== After completing an apprenticeship to a confectioner in 1873, Milton Hershey founded a candy shop in Philadelphia, which failed six years later.〔(Reference For Business.com ). Retrieved June 30, 2006.〕 After trying unsuccessfully to manufacture candy in New York, Hershey returned to Pennsylvania, where he founded the Lancaster Caramel Company, whose use of fresh milk in caramels proved successful.〔 In 1900, after seeing chocolate-making machines for the first time, Hershey sold his caramel company for $1,000,000〔 (equal to $ today) and began to concentrate on chocolate manufacturing. He stated to people who questioned him, "Caramels are just a fad, but chocolate is a permanent thing." Milton built a milk-processing plant in the year 1896, so he could create and refine a recipe for milk chocolate candies. In 1899, three years later, he developed the Hershey process which is less sensitive to milk quality than traditional methods. In 1903, Hershey began construction of a chocolate plant in his hometown, Derry Church, Pennsylvania, which later came to be known as Hershey, Pennsylvania.〔 The town was an inexpensive place for the workers and their families to live. Milton treated the people well and provided leisure activities to make sure the citizens enjoyed themselves. The milk chocolate bars manufactured at this plant proved popular, and the company grew rapidly.In 1907, Hershey introduced a new candy, small flat-bottomed conical-shaped pieces of chocolate that he named "Hershey's Kiss". Initially they were individually wrapped by hand in squares of foil, and the introduction of machine wrapping in 1921 simplified the process while adding the small paper ribbon to the top of the package to indicate that it was a genuine Hershey product.〔 Now, 80 million of the candies are produced each day. Other products introduced included Mr. Goodbar, containing peanuts in chocolate, in 1925, Hershey's Syrup in 1926, semi-sweet dark chocolate chips in 1928, and the Krackel bar containing crisped rice in 1938. Harry Burnett Reese worked at Hershey, beginning in 1917, as a dairyman for the Hershey Farms. In 1921 he went to work in the factory. By 1925, he had developed an assortment of candies which he was able to sell to department stores in Lancaster, Pennsylvania, advertised as "made in Hershey." In 1926 he built his own factory and then in 1941 with the wartime rationing of sugar, Reese focused all of his production resources on his own confectionery specialty, the peanut butter cup, which required less sugar than most other confections of the time. In 1956, Reese died, leaving the company to his six sons. In June 1963, Hershey Chocolate Corporation acquired Reese's company for $23.3 million at a time when Reese's sales were $14 million annually. Labor unrest came to Hershey in the late 1930s as a CIO-backed union attempted to organize the factory workers. A failed sit-down strike in 1937 ended in violence, as loyalist workers and local dairy farmers beat many of the strikers as they attempted to leave the plant. By 1940, an affiliate of the American Federation of Labor had successfully organized Hershey's workers under the leadership of John Shearer, who became the first President of Local Chapter Number 464 of the Bakery, Confectionery, Tobacco Workers, and Grain Millers Union. Local 464 still represents the Hershey workforce. Shortly before World War II, Bruce Murrie, son of long-term president of Hershey's, William F.R. Murrie, struck a deal with Forrest Mars to create a hard sugar-coated chocolate that would be called M&M's (for Mars and Murrie). Murrie had 20 percent interest in the confection. The new confection would use Hershey chocolate during the rationing era during World War II. In 1948 Mars bought out Murrie's interest and would become one of Hershey's primary competitors.〔("Murrie, William F.R.; 1873–1950" ), hersheyarchives.com. Cf section "The Story of M & Ms"〕 In 2007, the Chocolate Manufacturers Association in the United States, whose members include Hershey, Nestlé, and Archer Daniels Midland, lobbied the Food and Drug Administration to change the legal definition of chocolate to let them substitute partially hydrogenated vegetable oils for cocoa butter in addition to using artificial sweeteners and milk substitutes. Currently, the Food and Drug Administration does not allow a product to be called "chocolate" if the product contains any of these ingredients.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Adopt Regulations of General Applicability to all Food Standards that would Permit, within Stated Boundaries, Deviations from the Requirements of the Individual Food Standards of Identity )〕 In December 2007, Philadelphia city councilman Juan Ramos called for Hershey's to stop marketing "Ice Breakers Pacs", a kind of mint, due to the resemblance of its packaging to a kind that was used for illegal street drugs. In September 2008, MSNBC reported that several Hershey chocolate products were reformulated to replace cocoa butter with vegetable oil as an emulsifier. According to the company, this change was made to reduce the costs of producing the products instead of raising their prices or decreasing the sizes. Some consumers complained that the taste was different, but the company stated that in the company-sponsored blind taste tests, approximately half of consumers preferred the new versions. As the new versions no longer met the Food and Drug Administration's official definition of "milk chocolate", the changed items were relabeled from stating they were "milk chocolate" and "made with chocolate" to "chocolate candy" and "chocolaty." In 1988, Hershey's acquired the rights to manufacture and distribute many Cadbury-branded products in the United States (except gum and mints, which are part of Mondelēz International). In 2015, they sued a British importer to halt imports of British Cadbury chocolate, angering consumers. Krave Jerky was founded by Jon Sebastiani in 2009 when he was training for a marathon and looking for a healthy source of energy.〔http://www8.gsb.columbia.edu/articles/node/1720〕 The company was purchased by The Hershey Company in 2015.〔http://www.nytimes.com/2015/01/30/business/hershey-to-buy-krave-a-maker-of-jerky.html〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「The Hershey Company」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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